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  1. ↑ Kathryn A. Bard, An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt (Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2008), 41.
  2. ↑ Gardiner, Alan (1961) Egypt of the Pharaohs (Oxford University Press), 107-109.
  3. ↑ Breasted, James Henry. (1923) A History of the Ancient Egyptians Charles Scribner’s Sons, 133.
  4. ↑ Kinnaer, Jacques. “The First Intermediate Period” (PDF). The Ancient Egypt Site. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 4 năm 2012.
  5. ↑ Gardiner, Alan (1961) Egypt of the Pharaohs (Oxford University Press), 110.
  6. ↑ Rothe, et al., (2008) Pharaonic Inscriptions From the Southern Eastern Desert of Egypt, Eisenbrauns
  7. ↑ Breasted, James Henry. (1923) A History of the Ancient Egyptians Charles Scribner’s Sons, 117-118.
  8. ↑ Malek, Jaromir (1999) Egyptian Art (London: Phaidon Press Limited), 155.